Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative

TUBERSOL Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative (Mantoux), is indicated to aid diagnosis of tuberculosis infection (TB) in persons at increased risk of developing active disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have published guidelines regarding populations that would benefit from tuberculin skin testing (TST). Current recommendations can be accessed at: http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/testing.htm. Previous BCG vaccination is not a contraindication to tuberculin testing. The skin-test results of BCG vaccinated persons can be used to support or exclude the diagnosis of TB infection. However, an FDA-approved interferon gamma release assay is preferred over tuberculin skin test for persons 5 years of age and older who were previously vaccinated with BCG. (8)

Allergy to any component of TUBERSOL or an anaphylactic or other allergic reaction to a previous test of tuberculin PPD is a contraindication to the use of TUBERSOL. (See DESCRIPTION and HOW SUPPLIED .) TUBERSOL should not be administered to: Persons who have had a severe reaction (e.g., necrosis, blistering, anaphylactic shock, or ulcerations) to a previous TST, Persons with documented active tuberculosis or a clear history of treatment for TB infection or disease, (9) Persons with extensive burns or eczema.

Hypersensitivity Allergic reactions may occur following the use of TUBERSOL even in persons with no prior history of hypersensitivity to the product components. (10) Epinephrine injection (1:1,000) and other appropriate agents used for the control of immediate allergic reactions must be immediately available. Syncope Syncope (fainting) can occur in association with administration of injectable medicines, including TUBERSOL. Procedures should be in place to avoid falling injury and to restore cerebral perfusion following syncope.

General Diagnostic Limitations False positive or false negative tuberculin skin test reactions may occur in some individuals. (See Interpretation of the Test .) False positive tuberculin reaction tests occur in individuals who have been infected with other mycobacteria, including vaccination with BCG. Not all infected persons will have a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to a tuberculin test. Many factors have been reported to cause a decreased ability to respond to the tuberculin test in the presence of tuberculous infection. (See Interpretation of the Test .) Information for Patients Prior to administration of TUBERSOL, the patient's current health status and medical history should be reviewed. The physician should review the patient's immunization history for possible sensitivity to components of TUBERSOL. The healthcare provider should inform the patient of the need to return for the reading of the test. Self-reading of the test has been shown to be inaccurate and unreliable. The healthcare provider should give the patient a permanent personal record. In addition, it is essential that the health professional record the testing history in the permanent medical record of each patient. This permanent office record should contain the name of the product, date given, dose, manufacturer, and lot number, as well as the test result in millimeters of induration (including 0 mm, if appropriate). Reporting results only as negative or positive is not satisfactory. Drug Interactions Reactivity to the test may be depressed or suppressed in persons who are receiving corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents. (7) Reactivity to TUBERSOL may be temporarily depressed by certain live virus vaccines (measles, mumps, rubella, oral polio, yellow fever, and varicella). If a parenteral live attenuated virus vaccine has been administered recently, tuberculin testing should be delayed for >1 month after vaccination. (7)(11) (See Interpretation of the Test .) When tuberculin screening is required at the same time as a measles-containing vaccine or other parenteral live attenuated virus vaccine, simultaneous administration of TUBERSOL and the vaccine at separate sites is the preferred option. CARCINOGENESIS, MUTAGENESIS, IMPAIRMENT OF FERTILITY TUBERSOL has not been evaluated for its carcinogenic or mutagenic potentials or impairment of fertility. Pregnancy Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with TUBERSOL. It is also not known whether TUBERSOL can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. TUBERSOL should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed. Nursing Mothers It is not known whether TUBERSOL is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when TUBERSOL is administered to a nursing woman. Pediatric Use There is no contraindication to tuberculin skin testing of infants. Infants <6 months of age who are infected with M . tuberculosis may not react to TUBERSOL. (See Interpretation of the Test .) Geriatric Use Clinical studies of TUBERSOL did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.

Induration at the TUBERSOL injection site is the expected reaction for a positive skin test. (See Interpretation of the Test .) The information pertaining to adverse events has been compiled from historical clinical studies and post-marketing experience with TUBERSOL. General disorders and administration site conditions Injection site pain, injection site pruritus and injection site discomfort. Injection site erythema or injection site rash (without induration) occurring within 12 hours of testing. These reactions do not indicate TB infection. Injection site hemorrhage and injection site hematoma up to three days after the administration of the test. Injection site vesicles, injection site ulcer or injection site necrosis in highly sensitive persons. Injection site scar as a result of strongly positive reactions. Pyrexia Immune system disorders Hypersensitivity, including anaphylaxis/anaphylactic reactions, angioedema, urticaria Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders Stridor, dyspnea Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Rash, generalized rash Nervous system disorders Presyncope, syncope (including syncope associated with tonic-clonic movements and other seizure-like activity) sometimes resulting in transient loss of consciousness with injury Reporting of Adverse Events To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact the Pharmacovigilance Department, Sanofi Vaccines US Inc., Discovery Drive, Swiftwater, PA 18370 or call 1-800-822-2463 (1-800-VACCINE) or Food and Drug Administration (FDA) MEDWATCH Program at 1-800-332-1088 and www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Reactivity to the test may be depressed or suppressed in persons who are receiving corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents. (7) Reactivity to TUBERSOL may be temporarily depressed by certain live virus vaccines (measles, mumps, rubella, oral polio, yellow fever, and varicella). If a parenteral live attenuated virus vaccine has been administered recently, tuberculin testing should be delayed for >1 month after vaccination. (7)(11) (See Interpretation of the Test .) When tuberculin screening is required at the same time as a measles-containing vaccine or other parenteral live attenuated virus vaccine, simultaneous administration of TUBERSOL and the vaccine at separate sites is the preferred option.

Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with TUBERSOL. It is also not known whether TUBERSOL can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. TUBERSOL should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

It is not known whether TUBERSOL is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when TUBERSOL is administered to a nursing woman.

There is no contraindication to tuberculin skin testing of infants. Infants <6 months of age who are infected with M . tuberculosis may not react to TUBERSOL. (See Interpretation of the Test .)

Clinical studies of TUBERSOL did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.

The sensitization following infection with mycobacteria occurs primarily in the regional lymph nodes. Small lymphocytes (T lymphocytes) proliferate in response to the antigenic stimulus to give rise to specifically sensitized lymphocytes. After 3-8 weeks, these lymphocytes enter the blood stream and circulate for years. (6) Subsequent restimulation of these sensitized lymphocytes with the same or a similar antigen, such as the intradermal injection of TUBERSOL, evokes a local reaction mediated by these cells. (7) Characteristically, delayed hypersensitivity reactions to tuberculin begin at 5 to 6 hours, are maximal at 48 to 72 hours and subside over a period of days. The resultant immune response consists of induration due to cell infiltration and occasionally vesiculation and necrosis. Clinically, a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculin is a manifestation of previous infection with M tuberculosis or a variety of non-tuberculosis bacteria. In most cases sensitization is induced by natural mycobacterial infection or by vaccination with BCG Vaccine.