Berotralstat Hydrochloride

ORLADEYO ® is indicated for prophylaxis to prevent attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE) in adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. ORLADEYO is a plasma kallikrein inhibitor indicated for prophylaxis to prevent attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE) in adults and pediatric patients 2 years and older. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use : ORLADEYO should not be used for treatment of acute HAE attacks. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use : The safety and effectiveness of ORLADEYO for the treatment of acute HAE attacks have not been established. ORLADEYO should not be used for treatment of acute HAE attacks. Additional doses or doses of ORLADEYO higher than the prescribed once-daily dose are not recommended due to the potential for QTc interval prolongation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] .

Capsules: 150 mg, 110 mg ( 3 ) Oral Pellets: 72 mg, 96 mg, 108 mg, or 132 mg in unit-dose packets ( 3 ) Capsules: 150 mg: a white opaque body with a black imprint "150" and a light blue opaque cap with a black imprint "BCX". 110 mg: light blue opaque body and cap with a white imprint "110" on body and a white imprint "BCX" on cap. Oral Pellets: 72 mg, 96 mg, 108 mg, or 132 mg, white to off-white film-coated pellets in unit-dose packets.

None. None. ( 4 )

An increase in QTc interval prolongation can occur at dosages higher than the recommended dosage. Additional doses or doses of ORLADEYO higher than the recommended dosage are not recommended. ( 5.1 )

5.1 Risk of QTc Interval Prolongation with Higher-Than-Recommended Dosages ORLADEYO should not be used for treatment of acute attacks of HAE. Additional doses or doses of ORLADEYO higher than the recommended dosage are not recommended. An increase in QTc interval was observed in adults at dosages higher than 150 mg once daily and was concentration dependent [see Dosage and Administration (2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2) ] .

The following clinically significant adverse reaction is described elsewhere in the labeling: QTc Interval Prolongation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Most common adverse reactions (≥10%) are abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, back pain, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. at 1-833-633-2279 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Adverse Reactions in Adult and Pediatric Patients 12 Years of Age and Older The safety of ORLADEYO is primarily based on 24-week (Part 1) data from a 3-part, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial (Trial 1) in 120 patients with Type I or II HAE who were randomized and dosed with either ORLADEYO 110 mg, 150 mg, or placebo, once daily with food. After Week 24, patients who continued in the study received active treatment through 48 weeks. In Trial 1, a total of 81 patients aged 12 years and older with HAE received at least one dose of ORLADEYO in Part 1. Overall, 66% of patients were female and 93% of patients were White with a mean age of 41.6 years. The proportion of patients who discontinued study drug prematurely due to adverse reactions was 7% and 3% for patients treated with ORLADEYO 110 mg and 150 mg, respectively, and 3% for placebo-treated patients. No deaths occurred in the trial. The safety profile of ORLADEYO was generally similar across all subgroups of patients, including analysis by age, sex, and geographic region. Table 2 shows adverse reactions occurring in ≥10% of adult and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older in any ORLADEYO treatment group that also occurred at a higher rate than in the placebo treatment group in Trial 1. Table 2: Adverse Reactions Observed in ≥10% of Adult and Pediatric Patients Aged 12 Years and Older with HAE in Any ORLADEYO Treatment Group (Trial 1) Adverse Reaction Placebo (N=39) ORLADEYO 110 mg (N=41) 150 mg (N=40) Total (N=81) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) Abdominal Pain includes Abdominal pain, Abdominal discomfort, Abdominal pain upper, and Abdominal tenderness 4 (10) 4 (10) 9 (23) 13 (16) Vomiting 1 (3) 4 (10) 6 (15) 10 (12) Diarrhea includes Diarrhea and Frequent bowel movements 0 4 (10) 6 (15) 10 (12) Back Pain 1 (3) 1 (2) 4 (10) 5 (6) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease 0 4 (10) 2 (5) 6 (7) Gastrointestinal adverse reactions, including abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea occurred more frequently in patients receiving ORLADEYO 150 mg versus ORLADEYO 110 mg or placebo. These adverse reactions generally occurred early after initiation of treatment with ORLADEYO, became less frequent with time, and typically self-resolved. No patients in the ORLADEYO 150 mg dose group and 1 patient in the ORLADEYO 110 mg dose group discontinued treatment due to a gastrointestinal adverse reaction. Less Common Adverse Reactions Other adverse reactions that occurred in Part 1 of Trial 1 with an incidence between 5% to <10% and at a higher incidence in ORLADEYO-treated patients compared to placebo-treated patients included headache (9% versus 5%), fatigue (6% versus 3%), and flatulence (6% versus 3%). A maculopapular drug rash was reported in less than 1% of patients treated with ORLADEYO. The rash resolved, including in patients who continued dosing. Safety data are also available from 227 patients enrolled in an ongoing, open-label, long-term safety study (Trial 2) who received ORLADEYO 110 mg (N=100) or 150 mg (N=127) once daily with food and are consistent with the 24-week controlled safety data from Trial 1 (Part 1). Laboratory Abnormalities Transaminase Elevations In Part 1 of Trial 1, one patient treated with ORLADEYO 150 mg discontinued treatment due to asymptomatic elevated transaminases (ALT >8x the upper limit of normal [ULN] and AST >3x ULN). Total bilirubin was normal. No patient receiving ORLADEYO 110 mg or placebo developed transaminase levels >3x ULN. In addition to this patient, 2 ORLADEYO-treated patients developed laboratory-related hepatic adverse reactions compared to 1 placebo-treated patient. No patient reported serious adverse reactions of elevated transaminases. Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients 2 to Less than 12 Years of Age The safety of ORLADEYO was evaluated in 29 pediatric patients aged 2 to <12 years with HAE in a multicenter, single-arm, open-label safety and pharmacokinetic study (Trial 3). Patients received ORLADEYO based on patient's body weight for at least 12 weeks, with 17 patients completing 48 weeks of treatment. No new safety signals were observed in these patients.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of ORLADEYO. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Gastrointestinal Disorders: nausea

P-gp inducers: Avoid use with ORLADEYO. ( 7.1 ) CYP2D6, CYP3A4 or P-gp Substrates: When used concomitantly with ORLADEYO, closely monitor or modify the dosage of the substrates where minimal increases in concentration may lead to serious adverse reactions. ( 7.2 , 12.3 )

7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on ORLADEYO P-gp Inducers Berotralstat is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP. P-gp inducers may decrease berotralstat plasma concentration, leading to reduced efficacy of ORLADEYO. Avoid concomitant use of P-gp inducers with ORLADEYO.

7.2 Effect of ORLADEYO on Other Drugs CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Substrates ORLADEYO at a dose of 150 mg is a moderate inhibitor of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. Concomitant use of ORLADEYO with CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 substrates can increase exposure of the CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 substrates and may increase the risk of adverse reactions associated with the substrates. If ORLADEYO is concomitantly used with CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 substrates where minimal increases in the concentration of the substrates may lead to serious adverse reactions, closely monitor or modify the dosage of the CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 substrate [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Refer to the Prescribing Information of the CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 substrate. Desogestrel Concomitant use of ORLADEYO with desogestrel increases exposure to etonogestrel, the active metabolite of desogestrel, and may increase the risk of desogestrel-associated adverse reactions. Consider the benefits and risks when using ORLADEYO concomitantly with desogestrel [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . P-gp Substrates ORLADEYO at 2-times the maximum recommended dose of 150 mg is a P-gp inhibitor and can increase exposure of P-gp substrates, leading to increased risk of adverse reactions associated with the substrates. Higher-than-recommended dosages of ORLADEYO are not recommended [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . If ORLADEYO is concomitantly used with P-gp substrates where minimal increases in the concentration of the substrates may lead to serious adverse reactions, closely monitor or modify the dosage of the P-gp substrate [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Refer to the Prescribing Information of the P-gp substrate.

Avoid use of ORLADEYO in pediatric patients 2 years to less than 12 years of age with severe renal impairment. ( 8.6 ) ORLADEYO is not recommended in patients with end-stage renal disease. ( 8.6 )

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are insufficient data in pregnant women available to inform drug-related risks with ORLADEYO use in pregnancy. Based on animal reproduction studies, no evidence of structural alterations was observed when berotralstat was administered orally to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis at doses up to approximately 10- and 2-times, respectively, the maximum recommended human daily dose (MRHDD) in adults on an AUC basis (see Data ) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of berotralstat to pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis did not cause fetal structural alterations. The berotralstat dose in rats and rabbits was up to approximately 10- and 2-times, respectively, the MRHDD in adults (on an AUC basis at maternal doses of 75 and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively). In a pre- and postnatal development study in rats, oral administration of berotralstat to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis and until delivery at doses up to 45 mg/kg/day (approximately 2-times of the MRHDD on a mg/m 2 basis) did not cause fetal structural alterations either. Berotralstat concentrations in the fetal blood were approximately 5% to 11% of the maternal blood.

8.2 Lactation Risk Summary There are no data on the presence of berotralstat in human milk, its effects on the breastfed infant, or its effects on milk production. However, when a drug is present in animal milk, it is likely that the drug will be present in human milk. Low levels of berotralstat were detected in the plasma of rat pups when dams were dosed with the drug orally during the lactation period. The berotralstat concentration in the pup plasma was approximately 2% of the maternal plasma (see Data ) . The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for ORLADEYO and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from ORLADEYO or from the underlying maternal condition. Data Animal Data In the pre- and post-natal development study in rats, berotralstat was administered to dams during the pregnancy and lactation periods at doses up to 45 mg/kg/day (approximately 2-times of the MRHDD on a mg/m 2 basis). Berotralstat was detected in the plasma of pups during the lactation period. The berotralstat concentration in the pup plasma was approximately 2% of the maternal plasma. Both dams and pups at 45 mg/kg/day showed statistically significant decreases in body weight gain (p<0.05). No treatment-related effects were observed at 25 mg/kg/day (approximately equal to the MRHDD on a mg/m 2 basis).

8.4 Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of ORLADEYO for prophylaxis to prevent attacks of hereditary angioedema have been established in pediatric patients aged 2 and older. The use of ORLADEYO in pediatric patients aged 12 to <18 years with HAE is supported by evidence from an adequate and well-controlled trial (Trial 1) that included adults and a total of 6 pediatric patients aged 12 to <18 years. The safety profile and attack rate in the study were similar to those observed in adults [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) , Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) , and Clinical Studies (14) ] . An additional 10 pediatric patients aged 12 to <18 years were enrolled in the open-label study (Trial 2). The use of ORLADEYO in pediatric patients aged 2 to <12 years with HAE is supported by efficacy data from an adequate and well-controlled study in adults and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older (Trial 1), and pharmacokinetic and safety data from 29 pediatric patients aged 2 to less than 12 years enrolled in a multicenter, single-arm, open-label study with additional support from population pharmacokinetic analyses. Pediatric patients aged 2 to less than 12 years received a dosage of ORLADEYO based on the patient's body weight, which showed no clinically significant difference in drug exposures from those observed in adults treated with ORLADEYO 150 mg [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Pediatric patients aged 2 to less than 12 years were treated for at least 12 weeks, with 17 patients completing 48 weeks of treatment. No new safety signals were observed in pediatric patients aged 2 to less than 12 years [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . The safety and effectiveness of ORLADEYO have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 2 years of age.

8.5 Geriatric Use Of the total number of patients in clinical studies of ORLADEYO, 9 patients were 65 years of age and over in Trial 1, and 5 patients were 65 years of age and over in Trial 2 (open-label safety study). No overall differences in safety or effectiveness of ORLADEYO have been observed between patients 65 years of age and older and younger adult patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) , Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) , and Clinical Studies (14) ] .

8.6 Renal Impairment Mild to Moderate Renal Impairment Adult and Pediatric Patients Aged 2 Years and Older No dosage modification of ORLADEYO is recommended [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Severe Renal Impairment Adult and Pediatric Patients Aged 12 Years and Older No dosage modification of ORLADEYO is recommended. Pediatric Patients Aged 2 to Less than 12 Years Avoid use of ORLADEYO. End-Stage Renal Disease ORLADEYO has not been studied in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (CL CR <15 mL/min or eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m 2 or patients requiring hemodialysis) and therefore is not recommended for use in these patient populations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .

8.7 Hepatic Impairment Mild Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh Class A) Adult and Pediatric Patients Aged 2 Years and Older No dosage modification of ORLADEYO is recommended [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Moderate or Severe Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh B or C) Adult and Pediatric Patients Aged 12 Years and Older The recommended dosage of ORLADEYO capsules is 110 mg once daily with food [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Pediatric Patients Aged 2 Years and Older Avoid use of ORLADEYO.

Berotralstat is a plasma kallikrein inhibitor that binds to plasma kallikrein and inhibits its proteolytic activity. Plasma kallikrein is a protease that cleaves high-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK) to generate cleaved HMWK (cHMWK) and bradykinin, a potent vasodilator that increases vascular permeability resulting in swelling and pain associated with HAE. In patients with HAE due to C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency or dysfunction, normal regulation of plasma kallikrein activity is not present, which leads to uncontrolled increases in plasma kallikrein activity and results in angioedema attacks. Berotralstat decreases plasma kallikrein activity to control excess bradykinin generation in patients with HAE.